German packaging waste (below)

Waste composite packaging beverage cardboard packaging aluminum plastic composite materials, its composition is 80% paper base, 16% of PE plastic, 4% aluminum foil. Germany recycles 130,000 tons of composite packaging every year.
The recovery and separation process is as follows:
(1) After the waste composite package is torn and torn, the waste composite package can be separated to form fiber pulp by using the characteristics of water absorption of the waste paper. After the fiber pulp is extruded into a large package, it is transported to paper mills in Finland and Germany for papermaking. Food packaging paperboard fiber is long, good quality, and therefore welcomed by the paper mill.
(2) After tearing and separating the paper, aluminum foil (aluminum oxide) and PE are not good enough to be separated, so most (75%) are sent to the cement plant as an additive for the production of cement; (25%) can also be pyrolyzed, and aluminum oxide remains after burning off the plastic PE (which can be used as a heat source).
Waste plastic packaging Germany used plastics: PE accounted for 61%, PP accounted for 18%, PET accounted for 9%, PVC accounted for 4%, EPS accounted for 2%. Its waste plastic packaging consists of 11% plastic bottles, 23% plastic films, 2% EPS, and 64% mixed plastics.
In addition to the ease with which PET can be recycled, recycling of other plastics is more difficult, and there is not a good market for other recycled materials after recycling. The German Ministry of Environmental Protection first required the chemical plant to undertake the task of plastic recycling. However, the plastic factory was uncomfortable considering the trouble and considering economic benefits. It only hoped that the waste plastic would be burned and landfilled, and the factory would still only produce and sell new plastic packaging products. Therefore, although the recovery organization was established, it only went bankrupt in only three years. However, the Ministry of Environmental Protection still insisted that chemical companies recycle and make tax decisions without recycling. The chemical companies had to entrust DSD with the responsibility for the recycling of used plastic packaging. The processing costs were borne by the chemical plastics factory. To this end, DSD has set up a DKR joint-stock company responsible for the recycling of waste plastic packaging.
At present, there are two methods for recycling waste plastics:
(1) Raw material method, also known as chemical method: The crushing of hybrid plastics—separation of impurities—cleaning—granulation—injected into the blast furnace instead of heavy oil and pulverized coal as reducing agent CO and H2.
(2) Material method, also known as physical method: The plastic film, bottle, and turnover box will be broken - the use of ups and downs, vortex method, centrifugation to separate all kinds of plastic - drying, plus some new materials - - Extrusion into pellets - production of recycled plastic products such as film bags, turnover boxes, pipes, garbage bags, sandals, hangers, etc.
With the improvement of separation and regeneration technology, waste PET can now be used to regenerate food containers, but the separation must be pure. Germany and France have produced infrared separation equipment that can be separated by infrared light to obtain highly pure recycled particles.
Recyclable products in packaging waste are shown in Table 2.
Table 1 The actual completion of various types of packaging recycling

Recycling of Packaging Materials Regulatory Requirements Recycling 60% of Aluminum Packaging Actually Completed in 2001 105
Composite packaging 60% 65
Plastic Packaging 60% 87
Paper Packaging 70% 166
Tinplate Packing 70% 144
Glass Packaging 75% 93

Table 2 Recycling products of various types of packaging waste

Packaging waste Recycling products Waste glass, high-quality insulation materials used in construction or prefabricated components Paper kitchen roll paper, writing paper, envelopes, paper bags, newsprint paper, etc. Aluminium recycled raw material pellets, making bicycle wheels Edge, aluminum tray packaging, etc. tinplate automation industrial steel, canned, box composite paper scrap, tear-resistant paper, corrugated cardboard, core board, toilet or textile tissue paper, paper backpack and other beverage cardboard boxes Aluminum scrap: for aluminum Clay production plant for raw materials plastic barrels, windows, car frame support, turnover box, cable, traffic island, etc.