Brief description of fresh-keeping packaging technology for flowers

Since the fresh cut flower products have been used, the packaging of cut flowers has not attracted enough attention for a long time. Therefore, fresh-cut flower fresh-keeping packaging research has only made great progress in recent decades. In the field of research in this area, the progress and level in foreign countries and the results are more advanced than those in the country. Looking at the overview of the cut flower fresh-keeping packaging research, the main conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of the following aspects.
1. Packaging Forms Corrugated cartons are an important category of packaging containers. In a broad sense, corrugated cartons have become basically mature in terms of packaging. It has become the main packaging form for many items and has achieved successful experience. However, in fresh cut flower fresh-keeping packaging, due to the nature of cut flower products, many demands are still put on the corrugated paper box itself. Therefore, in the research of cut flower fresh-keeping packaging, research on corrugated paper packaging boxes is unavoidable. Kexin wants to have:
(1) Appearance stereoscopic form: The basic shape of the form and barrel shape is the box type, and the barrel type is mainly used for packing flowers that can only stand upright, such as cut flowers of snapdragon, gypsophila, gladiolus and the like.
(2) Corrugated box type: The general type and function type general type full-paper corrugated type has gradually been replaced by functional and composite paper type.
2. Packaging materials Fresh-cut flowers Fresh-keeping packaging has a high research value in terms of packaging materials. Due to the conditions and requirements of cutting flowers for packaging, improvements and research in packaging materials are a common focus. At present, there have been many advances in the research of materials, which are summarized in the following aspects.
(1) Fresh-keeping Corrugated Carton There are currently four types of fresh-keeping corrugated carton material that have been developed abroad:
1PE sandwich type: It is the PE cling film sandwiched between the inner and outer core of corrugated cardboard.
2 laminated type: It is the preservation of the (agent) and aluminum film pressed onto the cardboard inner and outer core paper.
3 Combination: It is a combination of plastic film and corrugated cardboard.
4 hybrid type: It is the powder that absorbs ethylene gas into paper pulp in the papermaking process, after forming the corrugated paper.
(2) The distribution function of the packaging box can be divided into the following five basic types.
1 The main mechanism of the plastic layer corrugated carton is: insert plastic film into the corrugated paper base paper, use the gas barrier property of the plastic film layer, coupled with the respiration of cut flowers, ensure the low oxygen, high humidity and High concentration of carbon dioxide CA climate. As a result, the respiration of fresh cut flowers is suppressed, and the moisture is prevented from evaporating to obtain a fresh-keeping effect. It can also apply the moisture adsorbent of ethylene to the inner layer of the film and at the same time have the function of adjusting the atmosphere.
2 The main mechanism of bio-keeping cartons is: Corrugated paper coated with a layer of antibacterial agent, antiseptic, ethylene adsorbent, moisture adsorbent, etc. made of corrugated cardboard, get a good anti-microbial, anti-corrosion, preservation of the function.
3 The main mechanism of the mixed fresh-keeping corrugated carton is: when making the corrugated paper inner core paper or polyethylene film, the mineral particles containing silica, ceramic particles or polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. are mixed in, for the obtained mixture The polyethylene film is laminated on the inner surface of the corrugated paper to obtain three types of packaging materials. The resulting packaging box has a good preservation effect.
4 Far-infrared fresh-keeping cartons This material is made by coating ceramic powders capable of emitting far-infrared wavelengths (6 to 14 μm) on natural thick paper and then compounding them with the required materials. It can emit far-infrared rays at normal temperatures, or activate anti-molecules in fresh cut flowers to increase the resistance to microorganisms, or activate enzymes to maintain the vividness of cut flowers.
5 foam board composite corrugated carton It is divided into two types, one is made of corrugated paper and PSP special foam board laminated, known as preservation of corrugated paper S; the other is a stack of corrugated paper and polyethylene foam board, known as preservation of corrugated paper L. They have a thermal insulating effect and a controlled atmosphere effect, as well as a good preservation effect.
The composite honeycomb packaging carton that has been developed has already replaced the trend of pressurizing cardboard boxes with more than 5 levels. Therefore, the fresh-keeping composite honeycomb packaging structure can also be considered in the structure of fresh cut flowers and fresh packaging to achieve a brand-new image. And more reflect the characteristics of fresh cut flowers packaging.
3. Functional plastic wrap This kind of film can be used together, compound, mixed with the packaging box, or it can be used alone as a packaging bag for fresh cut flowers to form the first small space and environment. They mainly include thin films capable of adsorbing or removing ethylene gas, films having a CA effect to form a modified atmosphere, films having anti-white fog or condensation, and antibacterial and antibacterial films.
1 Film that adsorbs ethylene gas. It is a thin film made by pulverizing porous minerals (such as green travertine, zeolite, cristobalite, silica, etc.) and then mixing it into plastic raw materials. These porous minerals have the property of adsorbing ethylene, and the content is generally more than 5%. Due to the incorporation of porous substances, the film generally has a higher air permeability than the polyethylene monomer film. In the use of both from the adsorption and permeability of a comprehensive consideration of its ratio.
2 Anti-White Synergy and Condensation Film It is coated on the monomer film with a layer of anti-white mist agent such as fatty acid or a film with a surfactant. The main purpose is to ensure that the image of the package and the value of cut flowers are not compromised.
3 Simple CA effect film This is a kind of low-temperature (except special circumstances, all around 0 °C) environment, in order to reduce the oxygen supply, increase the supply of carbon dioxide, to inhibit the evaporation of water, inhibit cut flower breathing in the CA gas environment , resulting in anti-aging, maintain the effect of color freshness. For different varieties of cut flowers, different techniques are required, including cutting time, pretreatment, film thickness, ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and length of storage period.