The high and low temperature test chamber's refrigeration system typically employs a cascade refrigeration unit, which is composed of two main sections: the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. The high-temperature section uses a medium-temperature refrigerant, while the low-temperature section uses a refrigerant with a much lower boiling point. Each stage operates as a complete single-stage or two-stage compression refrigeration system. In this setup, the evaporation of the refrigerant in the high-temperature section helps to condense the refrigerant in the low-temperature section. Only the refrigerant in the low-temperature section undergoes cooling during evaporation.
The two stages are connected through a component known as a condensing evaporator. This device functions as an evaporator for the high-temperature stage and as a condenser for the low-temperature stage. This interconnection allows for efficient heat transfer between the two refrigeration circuits, enabling the system to achieve extremely low temperatures that would be difficult to reach with a single refrigeration cycle.
During operation, the refrigeration unit must perform energy regulation to adapt to changing conditions. As operating parameters vary, such as temperature setpoints or load changes, the required gas delivery volume also fluctuates. To manage this, the system often utilizes an energy unloading method that adjusts the compressor’s capacity. This is typically done by connecting the suction and discharge chambers, allowing some of the compressed gas to return directly to the suction side. When this happens, the suction pressure becomes nearly equal to the discharge pressure, reducing the work the compressor needs to do. The compressor essentially "sucks in" and then "exhales" the same gas, minimizing energy consumption without stopping the system.
This type of energy regulation not only improves efficiency but also extends the lifespan of the compressor by reducing mechanical stress. It ensures that the refrigeration system can maintain precise temperature control in both high and low-temperature environments, making it ideal for use in environmental testing chambers.
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