Structural analysis and energy regulation of high and low temperature test chamber refrigeration system

The high and low temperature test chamber's refrigeration system typically employs a cascade refrigeration unit, which is composed of two main sections: the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage. The high-temperature section uses a medium-temperature refrigerant, while the low-temperature section utilizes a low-temperature refrigerant. Each stage operates as a complete single-stage or two-stage compression refrigeration system. In this setup, the evaporation of the refrigerant in the high-temperature section helps condense the refrigerant in the low-temperature section. Only the refrigerant in the low-temperature section undergoes cooling during evaporation. These two stages are connected through a condensing evaporator, which functions as both an evaporator for the high-temperature side and a condenser for the low-temperature side. During operation, the refrigeration unit must adjust its energy output to match varying conditions. As operating parameters change, so does the required gas delivery volume. To manage this, the system often uses a method called "energy unloading," which involves adjusting the amount of gas being compressed. The basic principle involves connecting the suction and discharge chambers, allowing the compressor’s exhaust to directly return to the suction side. At this point, the suction pressure becomes nearly equal to the discharge pressure. This means the compressor only needs to overcome the spring preload of the valves, effectively turning the suction process into a discharge process. This technique allows the system to regulate energy consumption efficiently without shutting down the compressor entirely. By implementing such energy regulation methods, the high and low temperature test chamber can maintain precise temperature control while optimizing energy use and extending the lifespan of the refrigeration components.

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