According to a report by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) on May 23 (Beijing time), German scientists used a single laser to create a new record of data transmission speeds up to 26TB (terabytes) per second. The collection of books in the library can be completed within 10 seconds via a bundle of optical fibers. Related research was published in the latest issue of Nature Photonics.
Scientists use "Fast Fourier Transform" to split and reorganize the colors contained in a laser beam, and finally obtain more than 350 different colors, and then encode each color according to the data stream carried by itself. Using optical fiber to transmit it, the speed is obtained.
The earliest optical fiber technology encoded the data sequence in a beam of monochromatic light sent along the optical fiber as "wobble", and used many techniques to increase the rate of data transmission. One of these technologies, called "Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing", uses multiple laser beams to encode different data streams contained in different colors of light, and then transmits all the data through the fiber. At the receiving end, scientists use another set of devices composed of many laser oscillators to obtain these optical signals, and then reverse the process. Co-author of the latest study, Wolfgang Fried, of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany said that using the original method, 500 lasers are needed to achieve the current record data transmission speed, which will take up a lot of space , Consumes tens of thousands of watts of electricity, so the cost is very high.
To reduce costs, Fred and colleagues thought of a way to use only a laser with ultra-short pulses to achieve relatively high data transmission speeds. Within these pulses, the different colors of light are called "optical frequency streams." When these pulses are sent into an optical fiber, the different colors increase or decrease, mixing together and creating about 350 different colors, each color can be encoded according to its own data stream.
Scientists have also used the "fast Fourier transform", which is different from the traditional method, to disassemble the data stream at the receiving end. "Fast Fourier Transform" is a well-known mathematical technique, which only needs to extract different colors according to different times when different parts of the input beam reach the fiber. The incident beams divided by color will reach different paths at different times, and then be combined together on a detector.
New optical methods have created data transmission speeds that cannot be obtained by mathematical methods. Fried said that the current design method exceeds the previous method in that it allows all data to be diffused; in addition, this technology can also be integrated into silicon chips, allowing it to be mass-produced and commercialized. The field has a lot to do. Moreover, this method can also obtain higher data transmission speed.
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